Golden Networks According to RIPE, the following prefixes require special care and attention because they belong to the DNS root servers and top level domains. RIPE 229 recommends that they be marked from exclusion in BGP damping. Optionally, more specific prefixes could be filtered in BGP to avoid DNS hijacking. This page was assembled because the golden-networks.net website contains outdated prefixes and because it only includes the A-M GTLDs. Unfortunately it neglects a few of the top level domains. Please note that some of the prefixes may be duplicates but they are reprinted for clarity. If using the tlds for damping exclusion you may wish to pick a subset of the ones printed below. Ones outside COM NET ORG GOV EDU and MIL may be subject to more frequent changes. See http://www.ripe.net/ripe/docs/routeflap-damping.html for a detailed explanation. =------------------------------------------------------------= Recommended - root-servers =------------------------------------------------------------= a-root arpa | a.root-servers.net. | 198.41.0.0/24 b-root arpa | b.root-servers.net. | 192.228.79.0/24 c-root arpa | c.root-servers.net. | 192.33.4.0/24 d-root arpa | d.root-servers.net. | 128.8.0.0/16 e-root arpa | e.root-servers.net. | 192.203.230.0/24 f-root arpa | f.root-servers.net. | 192.5.5.0/24 g-root arpa | g.root-servers.net. | 192.112.36.0/24 h-root arpa | h.root-servers.net. | 128.63.0.0/16 i-root arpa | i.root-servers.net. | 192.36.148.0/24 j-root | j.root-servers.net. | 192.58.128.0/24 k-root arpa | k.root-servers.net. | 193.0.14.0/24 l-root arpa | l.root-servers.net. | 198.32.64.0/24 m-root arpa | m.root-servers.net. | 202.12.27.0/24 =------------------------------------------------------------= Optional - tlds =------------------------------------------------------------= aero | dns7.denic.de. | 81.91.160.0/20 aero | merapi.switch.ch. | 130.59.0.0/16 aero | ns5.knipp.de. | 195.253.0.0/16 aero | tld1.aerodns.aero. | 204.74.112.0/24 aero | tld2.aerodns.aero. | 204.74.113.0/24 biz | a.gtld.biz. | 209.173.53.0/24 biz | b.gtld.biz. | 209.173.57.0/24 biz | c.gtld.biz. | 209.173.60.0/24 biz | d.gtld.biz. | 213.86.0.0/16 biz | e.gtld.biz. | 209.173.58.0/24 biz | f.gtld.biz. | 209.173.58.0/24 * biz | g.gtld.biz. | 199.7.64.0/24 biz | h.gtld.biz. | 199.7.77.0/24 com net | a.gtld-servers.net. | 192.5.6.0/24 com net | b.gtld-servers.net. | 192.33.14.0/24 com net | c.gtld-servers.net. | 192.26.92.0/24 com net | d.gtld-servers.net. | 192.31.80.0/24 com net | e.gtld-servers.net. | 192.12.94.0/24 com net | f.gtld-servers.net. | 192.35.51.0/24 com net | g.gtld-servers.net. | 192.42.93.0/24 com net | h.gtld-servers.net. | 192.54.112.0/24 com net | i.gtld-servers.net. | 192.43.172.0/24 com net | j.gtld-servers.net. | 192.48.79.0/24 com net | k.gtld-servers.net. | 192.52.178.0/24 com net | l.gtld-servers.net. | 192.41.162.0/24 com net | m.gtld-servers.net. | 192.55.83.0/24 coop | coop1.tlddns.net. | 204.13.248.0/24 coop | coop2.tlddns.net. | 204.13.249.0/24 coop | coop3.tlddns.net. | 204.13.250.0/24 coop | coop4.tlddns.net. | 213.155.128.0/19 edu | h3.nstld.com. | 192.54.112.0/24 * gov | a.gov.zoneedit.com. | 216.55.128.0/18 gov | b.gov.zoneedit.com. | 206.51.224.0/21 gov | c.gov.zoneedit.com. | 69.72.128.0/17 gov | d.gov.zoneedit.com. | 209.97.192.0/19 gov | e.gov.zoneedit.com. | 82.165.0.0/16 gov | f.gov.zoneedit.com. | 66.197.128.0/17 gov | g.gov.zoneedit.com. | 66.135.32.0/24 info | a9.info.afilias-nst.info. | 204.74.112.0/24 * info | b9.info.afilias-nst.org. | 204.74.113.0/24 * info | c9.info.afilias-nst.info. | 199.7.66.0/24 info | d9.info.afilias-nst.org. | 199.7.67.0/24 info | e9.info.afilias-nst.info. | 192.100.59.0/24 info | f9.info.afilias-nst.org. | 198.133.199.0/24 int | ns-sec.ripe.net. | 193.0.0.0/21 int | ns.uu.net. | 137.39.0.0/16 int | ns0.ja.net. | 128.86.0.0/16 int | ns0.ja.net. | 193.60.0.0/14 int | ns1.cs.ucl.ac.uk. | 128.16.0.0/16 int museum | ns.icann.org. | 192.0.32.0/20 mil | con1.nipr.mil. | 207.132.64.0/18 mil | con2.nipr.mil. | 199.252.162.0/24 mil | eur1.nipr.mil. | 199.252.154.0/24 mil | eur2.nipr.mil. | 199.252.128.0/18 mil | pac1.nipr.mil. | 199.252.180.0/24 mil | pac2.nipr.mil. | 199.252.155.0/24 museum | nic.icom.org. | 195.7.64.0/19 museum | nic.museum. | 130.242.0.0/15 museum | ns-ext.vix.com. | 204.152.184.0/21 museum | ns1.getty.edu. | 192.215.101.0/24 name | f3.nstld.com. | 192.35.51.0/24 * name | k3.nstld.com. | 192.52.178.0/24 * name edu | a3.nstld.com. | 192.5.6.0/24 * name edu | c3.nstld.com. | 192.26.92.0/24 * name edu | d3.nstld.com. | 192.31.80.0/24 * name edu | e3.nstld.com. | 192.12.94.0/24 * name edu | g3.nstld.com. | 192.42.93.0/24 * name edu | l3.nstld.com. | 192.41.162.0/24 * name edu | m3.nstld.com. | 192.55.83.0/24 * org | a0.org.afilias-nst.info. | 199.19.56.0/24 org | b0.org.afilias-nst.org. | 199.19.54.0/24 org | c0.org.afilias-nst.info. | 199.19.53.0/24 org | tld1.ultradns.net. | 204.74.112.0/24 * org | tld2.ultradns.net. | 204.74.113.0/24 * org | tld3.ultradns.org. | 199.7.66.0/24 * org | tld4.ultradns.org. | 199.7.67.0/24 * org | tld5.ultradns.info. | 192.100.59.0/24 * org | tld6.ultradns.co.uk. | 198.133.199.0/24 * pro | a.gtld.pro. | 192.149.62.0/24 pro | b.gtld.pro. | 192.149.63.0/24 pro | c.gtld.pro. | 192.149.64.0/24